AUSTIN — Women who want to terminate their pregnancy in Texas would be required to listen for the heartbeat and get ultrasound images made of the fetus before undergoing the procedure, under new anti-abortion measures proposed Monday.

It was one of dozens of measures unveiled on the first day to file bills before Texas lawmakers meet in regular session early next year. Lawmakers proposed a range of ideas, including a moratorium on college tuition increases and sanctions on employers who knowingly hire illegal immigrants.

Before the Legislature finishes its work next May, lawmakers will consider broad reforms on transportation policy, taxes, insurance, energy and election law. Abortion restrictions and a crackdown on illegal immigrants are just one way Republican lawmakers will try to leave their conservative stamp on the session.

State Rep. Frank Corte, R-San Antonio, filed the bill seeking the new "informed consent" requirements for women who seek an abortion. Corte's policy director, Kathi Seay, said the legislation "is not to encourage or discourage anything, it's just to make sure they have all the information they need." Abortion rights advocates called the legislation "politically divisive" and vowed to mount a vigorous effort to defeat it.

"It's something that we will absolutely be fighting," said Sara Cleveland, executive director of NARAL Pro-Choice Texas. Cleveland predicted that conservatives would have a tougher time this year passing abortion curbs because Democrats, generally more liberal on reproductive rights, increased their numbers in the state House and Senate.

Rep. Debbie Riddle, R-Tomball, filed a property tax reduction measure and several bills aimed at cracking down on illegal immigrants' rights — including a repeal of in-state tuition for certain illegal immigrants.

"My constituents are being taxed out of their homes . . . and their taxes are providing services for people who are here illegally," Riddle said.

Democratic lawmakers taking advantage of the first day of filing were promoting measures designed to encourage the use of solar energy, increase aid for uninsured children and boost retirement income for Texas teachers. Sen. Eddie Lucio, D-Brownsville, filed a bill that would let Texans get out of their wireless contracts if their cell phone needs repair three times or more.

"If you don't pay your bill for a defective phone the company won't replace without charge, the provider can cancel your contract and penalize you," Lucio said. "It's only fair that if wireless providers don't live up to their end of the bargain, that you be able to fire them too."

The 81st session of the Texas Legislature begins at noon on Jan. 13 and must end by midnight on June 1.

If the past is any guide, most of the legislation lawmakers file will never make it into law. Of the 6,362 bills and resolutions filed in 2007, 1,498 were passed.

Among the measures proposed Monday were:

_ A two-year moratorium on state college tuition increases. The bill would also limit the amount university tuition could increase in the future.

_ Abolition of the Trans-Texas Corridor superhighway, a top initiative of Republican Gov. Rick Perry. Rural Texans have raised vociferous objection to the proposed stretch of toll roads, rail lines, pipelines and utility lines that could cost up to $200 billion and require almost 600,000 acres of land.

_ Curbs on future business tax increases. The constitutional amendment, which would require voter approval, is designed to require a three-fourths majority of the Texas House before the state franchise tax could be raised.

_ A constitutional amendment, requiring voter approval, affirming that Texans have "the right to hunt and fish in this state."

_ The creation of a law school, under the University of Texas System, in either Hidalgo or Cameron County in the Rio Grande Valley. Another bill would create a University of North Texas law school in Dallas.

_ A ban on cigarette "novelty" lighters that resemble toys, guns or other entertaining devices that are meant to appeal to children.

_ New licensing and training requirements for the civilian purchase of stun guns, which use an electric shock to incapacitate people.